Regulation of Nrf2 signaling factor in cadmium combined with bacitracin induced endoplasmic reticulum stress in testes and ovaries of rats / 中国职业医学

@#Objective To investigate the effect of acute exposure to cadmium combined with bacitracin on the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in testes and ovaries of rats and its regulation by nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Methods According to the 4×2 factorial design model, 48 specific pathogen free adult SD rats were divided into four groups: the control group and the low-, medium- and high- dose cadmium chloride exposure groups. Each group was further divided into with- or without bacitracin combined subgroup. There were six rats in each subgroup with 3 males and 3 females. The low-, medium- and high- dose groups were intraperitoneally injected with 5, 10, 20 mg/kg body weight of cadmium chloride solution, respectively. The control group was intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. Among them, rats in the bacitracin combined subgroup were given a one-time intraperitoneal injection of bacitracin at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight two hours before cadmium chloride exposure. After 48 hours, the rats were sacrificed. The mRNA expression of glucose regulated protein78 kD (Grp78), protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (Perk), Nrf2 in testes and ovaries of rats was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The protein expression of GRP78, PERK, NRF2 was determined using Western blotting. Results The mRNA expression of Grp78, Perk, Nrf2 and the protein expression of GRP78, PERK, NRF2 in testes and ovaries of rats in the no bacitracin combined subgroups of the three dose groups showed different degrees of up-regulated changes compared with the no bacitracin combined subgroup of the control group (all P<0.05). Among them, the expression of the three kinds of mRNAs and proteins in the testes and ovaries of rats in the no bacitracin combined subgroups of the high-dose group was up-regulated (all P<0.05), and most of them were higher than those in the no bacitracin combined subgroups of the low- and medium-dose groups (all P<0.05). The expression of most of the three kinds of mRNAs and proteins in testes of rats showed different degrees of down-regulated changes (all P<0.05), but the expression of the three kinds of mRNAs and proteins showed different degrees of up-regulated changes in ovaries (all P<0.05) in the bacitracin combined subgroups of the three doses groups than that in the bacitracin combined subgroups of the control group, and especially in the bacitracin combined subgroups of the high-dose subgroup. The expression of the three kinds of mRNAs and proteins in testes and ovaries of rats in the bacitracin combined subgroups of the three doses groups showed different degrees of changes (all P<0.05) compared with the no bacitracin combined subgroup in the same group, and the expression in the bacitracin combined subgroups of the medium- and high-dose groups showed mainly down-regulated changes (all P<0.05). Conclusion Acute exposure to cadmium can induce different degrees of ERS, activate PERK/NRF2 signaling pathway, and improve the toxicity to testis and ovary. Bacitracin can inhibit cadmium-induced ERS, thereby inhibiting the activation of PERK/NRF2 signaling pathway, and enhancing the synergistic effect of cadmium on testis and ovary toxicity. The higher the exposure dose of cadmium, the more obvious the inhibitory effect.

Research progress on environmental concentration levels,population exposure and health risk of triclosan / 预防医学

@#Triclosan, widely used in various personal care products, is one of the most common environmental endocrine disruptors in our life. It can be detected from water, soil and dust, and its environmental exposure level increased with consumption. Human body are exposed to triclosan through food and water, but the evidence that triclosan exposure leads to adverse health effects is not sufficient. This paper summarizes the progress of studies related to environmental concentration, population exposure and health risks of triclosan in recent years.

The exposure levels of phthalic acid esters in population: a review / 预防医学

@#Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are commonly used plasticizers and solvents. Human body is exposed and absorbed mainly through diet, skin and air inhalation. The biological samples such as urine, blood, saliva, semen and breast milk generally contain PAEs and their metabolites, but the concentrations of PAEs metabolites vary in different samples. In the general population, the levels of PAEs are higher in children than in adults, and higher in women than in men; the levels of PAEs are higher in the occupational population than in the general population. In this paper, the research of PAEs related human biomonitoring in the general population and occupational population at home and abroad is reviewed, so as to provide the basis for reducing the exposure of PAEs and related health risk.

Effect of XIAOJI Decoction combined with FOLFOX on expression profiles of serumcytokinesinpatientswithadvancedcolorectalcancer:liquid chip technology analysis / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#Objective: To investigate the effects of XIAOJI Decoction combined with FOLFOX chemotherapy on serum cytokine expression profile in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma by liquid chip technology. Methods: Fourteen patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma, who met the inclusion criteria and were treated in the Department of Oncology, Higher Education Mega Center Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine during January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. The patients were divided into chemotherapy group (n=7, treated with 5-Fluorouracil + Calcium Folic Acid+Oxaliplatin (FOLFOX)) and combined treatment group (n=7, treated with XIAOJI Decoction + FOLFOX) according to therapeutic scheme. The curative efficacy was evaluated after 6 treatment courses. The expression profile of cytokines in blood serum of patients was examined by liquid chip technology after every 2 courses. Results: Fourteen patients received a total of 84 cycles of therapy. Survival analyses showed that the progress-free survival time (PFS) and overall survival time (OS) of two groups couldn't be compared due to insufficient samples, although the combined treatment group had longer PFS (10 months vs 6 months) and OS (17 months vs 12 months) than the chemotherapy group.As to adverse reactions, the rates of leucopenia, diarrhea, nausea, peripheral neuritis and alopecia in two groups were comparable, while the severity in combined treatment group were lighter than that in chemotherapy group. In comparison with the combined treatment group, concentrations of serum BDNF and IL-2 were statistically higher in the chemotherapy group (P<0.05). By comparing the cytokine concentrations at different collection time points before and after the treatment, it showed that the concentration of serum IL-2 in chemotherapy group was higher than that in combined treatment group after 2 courses of treatment (P<0.05). In total, there were 19 cytokines showed a tendency to be higher in combined treatment group than chemotherapy group during different treatment periods. Conclusion: Combined treatment of XIAOJI Decoction with FOLFOX for advanced colorectal carcinoma is a treatment option worth exploring, and liquid chip analysis showed that the mechanism may be related to the reduction of serum LI-2 and BDNF levels in patients.